Hemodynamics


 * Please review the links and articles related to hemodynamics. After reading, answer the questions and complete the hemodynamics module.

[|Hemodynamics]

[|Hemodynamics]

Please answer the following questions related to hemodynamics.

1. A patient's family asks you what hemodynamic monitoring means. In your own words, how would you respond? 2. Define in your own words Preload. What factors increase preload, why? What factors decrease preload, why? 3. What interventions help to decrease preload, why? What interventions help to increase preload, why? 4. Define in your own words, afterload. What factors determine afterload? 5. Define PAOP/PCWP. What does it measure? 6. What does CVP measure? Explain the meaning of a low and high CVP reading? 7. Define PAP? What does it measure? Why would a PAP be elevated and decreased, why? 8. If a PA pressure changes from 25/12 to 25/4 mmhg what is the most likely cause? 9. What is SVR? What factors would affect the SVR? 10. What effect would hypovolemic shock have on the SVR? 11. How do vasodilators affect SVR? 12. What is mixed venous Oxygen Saturation (SV02) monitoring? What is a normal SV02 level? What would cause a lowSV02?

After reviewing the links, readings and answering the above questions, please complete the following module.**